Challenges of Utilization of Direct Method in Indonesian EFL Context

Abstract

The Direct Method (DM) emphasizes immersive language learning through oral communication without translation, aligning with natural language acquisition theories. Despite its theoretical appeal, implementing the Direct Method in Indonesia’s English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms remains challenging due to contextual factors such as limited English exposure, teacher proficiency, large class sizes, learner anxiety, and curriculum constraints. This paper reviews current research and expert views on these challenges and proposes practical solutions including enhanced teacher training, use of technology, classroom management strategies, affective support, and curriculum reform. Additionally, the paper examines the current state of the Direct Method’s implementation in Indonesia, highlighting ongoing practices and obstacles. Addressing these issues is crucial to adapting the Direct Method effectively within Indonesia’s unique educational landscape.
Keywords: Direct Method, Indonesian EFL, language teaching challenges